Analysis of the effect of transanal total mesorectal excision structured training on the operation of frozen cadaver specimens / 中华消化外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the effect of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) structured training on the operation of frozen cadaver specimens in mainland China.Methods The retrospective crosssectional study was conducted.The data of 9 trainees who participated in the 1st TaTME structured training between April 12 and 13,2018 were collected.Chinese Society of Colorectal Surgery,Chinese Society of TaTME Surgeons and Beijing Anatomy Society were the host of TaTME structured training,Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University and Clinical Applied Anatomy Science and Technology Training Center of Beijing Society for Anatomy Society were the undertakers.The courses included theoretical teaching,operation demonstration and frozen cadaveric specimens operation.Nine trainees were allocated into the 3 groups,including trainees A,C,E in group 1,trainees B,D,F in group 2 and trainees G,H,I in group 3.The special questionnaire survey was carried out on all the trainees at 3 months after the end of the training,contents included the number and proficiency of TaTME before and after training,reasons for not performing TaTME,learning curve of TaTME,TaTME-related complications and adverse reactions,whether or not to continue TaTME in future,effects of training,whether or not necessary to take training before TaTME.Observation indicators(1) situations of trainees taking part in theoretical lectures and operation demonstration;(2) situations of trainees taking part in frozen cadaveric specimens operation;(3) questionnaire survey situations of trainees at 3 months after training.Comparison of trainees before and after training was done by the rank-sum test.Results (1) Situations of trainees taking part in theoretical lectures and operation demonstration9 trainees received theoretical lectures and operation demonstration.The theoretical lectures helped deepen understanding of the TaTME,and operation demonstration gave an intuitive feel of technical points and considerations for TaTME.(2) Situations of trainees taking part in frozen cadaveric specimens operation9 trainees performed successfully frozen cadaveric specimens operation under the guidance of the instructors to achieve training purposes.Overall evaluation of the instructorsanastomotic stoma was intact in 3 groups;grading 2 of Quirke grading of mesorectum was detected in group 1 and 2,and grading 3 in group 3;the main difficulty of complications was incorrect interstice operation and poor smog control,and urethral injury occurred in group 3.(3) Questionnaire survey situations of trainees at 3 months after training2,2,2 and 3 trainees after training carried respectively on more than 10,6-10,1 and 0 times TaTME,2,2,1 and 4 trainees before training carried respectively on 6-10,2-5,1 and 0 in number of TaTME before and after training,with no statistically significant difference (Z =1.000,P＞ 0.05).Three trainees didn't perform TaTME due to no suitable patient,no equipment for TaTME and incompletely master operating of TaTME.After training,1 trainee was very proficient for TaTME,3,3 and 2 trainees respectively needed to 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 of guidance;before training,1,4 and 3 trainees needed to respectively 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 of guidance,and 3 trainees were very inaptitude for TaTME,with no statistically significant difference in proficiency of TaTME before and after training (Z=1.243,P＞0.05).Five of 9 trainees thought that finishing learning curve needed 10 times TaTME.TaTME-related complications and adverse reactions included urethral injury,bleeding,incorrect interstice operation and incomplete specimens.Eight of 9 trainees expressed that would continue to carry on TaTME.All trainees thought TaTME structured training was very necessary and training should be finished before TaTME.Conclusions The TaTME structured training program on the operation of frozen cadaver specimens is a new attempt.The structured and standardized TaTME training is a necessary condition for clinical performing of TaTME,which is conductive to improving the safety and effectiveness of TaTME.