Evaluation of early macular retinal microcirculation in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography / 眼科新进展

ABSTRACT

Objective To observe the early changes in the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and macular vascular density (MVD) in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and its clinical significance.Methods This was a retrospective study.Totally 33 patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled,including 13 patients with no-diabetic retinopathy (NDR group) and 20 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR group) according to the international clinical grading criteria of diabetic retinopathy.Additional 26 healthy subjects with matched age were enrolled in the control group.All the subjects underwent the 3 mm ×3 mm scanning of macular retina by OCTA for obtaining 4 levels of macular vascular density map.And the area of the FAZ and the MVD were measured.Results The area of FAZ was(0.392 ± 0.028) mm2 in the NDR group and (0.410 ± 0.019) mm2 in the NPDR group,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (0.314 ± 0.025) mm2 (all P =0.000),and there was statistically significant difference between the NDR group and NPDR group (P =0.010).The MVD in the superficial retinal layer,deep retinal layer,outer retinal layer and choroidal capillary layer was 0.500 ±0.012,0.553 ±0.007,0.393 ±0.005,0.651 ±0.006 in the NDR group,and 0.484 ± 0.012,0.522 ± 0.007,0.397 ± 0.007,0.642 ± 0.007 in the NPDR group,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (0.518 ±0.014,0.572 ±0.008,0.385 ±0.005,0.666 ±0.007) (all P =0.000);there were statistically significant differences in MVD between the NDR group and NPDR group in the superficial retinal layer,deep retinal layer and choroidal capillary layer (all P =0.000),but not in the outer retinal layer (P =0.065).Conclusion OCTA suggested that the early retinal microcirculation impairment in the macula in patients with diabetes,which changes with the progression of the disease.