Effectiveness of changing water resource on children's goiter and nodule in water-borne high iodine areas / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To understand the prevalence of goiter and nodule as well as the iodine nutritional status of 8 to 10 years old children after changing water source with lower iodine so as to evaluate its intervention effectiveness.Methods From 2014 to 2017,Machang Village and Liangzhang Village of Haixing County in Haixing County were selected as monitoring sites in the water-sourced high iodine area in Hebei Province.Using the cross-sectional survey method,100 children aged 8 to 10 years old were randomly selected in each village,half male and half female.Dynamic monitoring of drinking water iodine content,children's prevalence of goiter and nodule as well as urinary iodine content were conducted before and 1-3 years after changing water resource.Iodine detection was performed using an arsenic cerium-catalyzed spectrophotometric method suitable for iodine-deficient and high-iodine areas (recommended method for national iodine deficiency disease reference experiment);urinary iodine was detected by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006).The thyroid test was performed using the B-ultrasound method and the criterion was based on the "Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Goiter" (WS 276-2007).Results The median iodine content of water in the two villages before the reformation was 861.0 μg/L,and it was 71.6,29.1 and 30.4 μg/L in 1-3 years after water was changed.The overall difference before and after water change was statistically significant (x2 =8.48,P ＜ 0.05).The median urine iodine of children in the two villages before the change of water was 705.0 μg/L,and the median urine iodine of children was 306.0,143.0 and 140.0 μg/L after 1-3 years.The differences were statistically significant (Z =6.56,10.82,11.19,P ＜ 0.05).The goiter rate was 10.3％ (21/203) before changing water,and the goiter rate was 6.3％ (13/205),6.4％ (13/203) and 3.8％ (8/208) in 1-3 years after water exchange,and the difference between before and 3 years after water exchange was statistically significant (x2 =6.61,P ＜ 0.05).Children's nodule prevalence before and 3 years after changing water was 11.3％ (23/203) and 1.4％ (3/208),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =13.42,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Three years after changing water resource,children's goiter prevalence is back to normal in general,and nodule prevalence is decreased significantly,which indicates sound intervention effectiveness.