Pathogenesis and clinical features of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis / 中华骨科杂志

ABSTRACT

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is characterized by metabolic disorder of skeletal system.Its morbidity is not uncommon especially in elderly patients.The present study reviewed the literatures about DISH in the world.We summarized the epidemiology,pathogenesis,radiological features and clinical features of DISH in the present study.According to the literature research,we found that the epidemiology of DISH were closely related to gender and age.DISH was more prevalent in patients with age over 50 years or male.The incidence of DISH was increased with age.However,the pathogenesis of DISH is still unclear.Some studies reported that DISH was associated with diet,environment,endocrine,metabolism,and degenerative/genetic factors.Furthermore,some biomarkers were reported in the aspects of protein,gene and miRNA respectively.The diagnosis of DISH still relied on imaging.The present review article summarized the existing imaging features of DISH and the relevant classification and identification for DISH.Symptoms of DISH are characterized by decreased activity and the nerves or surrounding soft tissue compression caused by ligament calcification and bone hyperostosis.However,DISH itself results in less inflammatory pain directly.DISH is usually differentiated from other diseases,including ankylosing spondylitis,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,etc.,based on imaging and clinical symptoms.