Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: clinical and pathological characteristics and prognostic factors in 107 cases / 中华泌尿外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 107 patients with pathologically diagnosed chromophobe cell carcinoma in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 50 males and 57 females.The age was 16-81 years,with a median age of 53 years.The diameter of the tumor was 1.6-30.0 cm and the median value was 5.0cm.The tumor was located on the right side in 55 cases,on the left side in 51 cases,and bilateral in 1 case.The clinical parameters of different types of renal chromophobe cancer were compared by the Chi square test.The survival analysis was carried out by Kaplan-Meier,and the risk factors were evaluated by single factor and multiple factor Cox proportional risk regression model.Results One hundred and six patients underwent operation,with 55 by open surgery,and 51 by endoscopic surgery,including 89 radical surgery and 17 nephron-sparing surgery.One patient was treated with Sorafenib.Pathological stage T1 stage was 74 cases (69.2％),T2 stage 28 cases (26.2％),T3 stage 3 cases (2.8％),T4 stage 2 cases (1.9％).There were 102 cases of type Ⅰ chromophobe cell carcinoma (95.3％),and 5 cases of type Ⅱ chromophobe cell carcinoma (4.7％).There was no significant difference in gender,age,tumor side,first symptom and T staging in patients with type Ⅰ and Ⅱ chromophobe cell carcinoma (P ＞ 0.05).One hundred and seven patients were followed up for 4-95 months,with the median time of 40 months.Four cases were missed and 5 cases died.The 5 year survival rate was 93.1％.Cox univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed that different T staging and metastasis were independent prognostic factors (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Renal chromophobe cell carcinoma is rare and its diagnosis mainly depends on pathology.Surgery is the main method for the treatment.The malignant grade is low,progress is slow,and the prognosis is good.