Community-Based Policies and Support for Free Drinking Water Access in Outdoor Areas and Building Standards in U.S. Municipalities
Clinical Nutrition Research
;
: 91-101, 2018.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-714191
ABSTRACT
We examined community-level characteristics associated with free drinking water access policies in U.S. municipalities using data from a nationally representative survey of city managers/officials from 2,029 local governments in 2014. Outcomes were 4 free drinking water access policies. Explanatory measures were population size, rural/urban status, census region, poverty prevalence, education, and racial/ethnic composition. We used multivariable logistic regression to test differences and presented only significant findings. Many (56.3%) local governments had at least one community plan with a written objective to provide free drinking water in outdoor areas; municipalities in the Northeast and South regions and municipalities with ≤ 50% of non-Hispanic whites were less likely and municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have a plan. About 59% had polices/budget provisions for free drinking water in parks/outdoor recreation areas; municipalities in the Northeast and South regions were less likely and municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have it. Only 9.3% provided development incentives for placing drinking fountains in outdoor, publicly accessible areas; municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have it. Only 7.7% had a municipal plumbing code with a drinking fountain standard that differed from the statewide plumbing code; municipalities with a lower proportion of non-Hispanic whites were more likely to have it. In conclusion, over half of municipalities had written plans or a provision for providing free drinking water in parks, but providing development incentives or having a local plumbing code provision were rare.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Poverty
/
Recreation
/
Drinking Water
/
Logistic Models
/
Sanitary Engineering
/
Prevalence
/
Population Density
/
Censuses
/
Drinking
/
Education
Type of study:
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Language:
English
Journal:
Clinical Nutrition Research
Year:
2018
Type:
Article
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