Sensory Thresholds of Normal Human Feet Using Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the sensory thresholds of the feet from healthy adult using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. METHOD: Twenty male and twenty female volunteers aging from 24 to 38 years old were selected. There were no known medical conditions associated with decreased foot sensation and history of previous injury to the foot. The subjects were blindfolded with the leg resting on a chair as 14 plantar and 5 dorsal locations were tested on each foot. Each site on the foot had the Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments applied to it first, in an order of increasing stiffness, then repeated in decreasing order. A positive threshold response was recorded when the subject could feel the filament and could accurately locate where on the foot the stimulus had been applied. RESULTS: The mean sensitivity for all sites was 3.41+/-0.17. Sensation in the plantar surface of greater toe, 5th toe, arch, and dorsal surface of 1st web space, 3rd toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint level, 5th metatarsal head were the most sensitive. The least sensitive regions were the heel pad, lateral plantar midfoot, and medial and lateral heel. CONCLUSION: Normal data of sensory threshold using Semmes-Weinstein monofilament could be used for the early detection of peripheral neuropathy or loss of protective sensation.