Photoelastic stress analysis of load transfer to satellite abutment as an immediate abutment

ABSTRACT

Since Bra nemark introduced the osseointegrated implants, they have been granted for useful methods for the restoration of oral function. The original Bra nemark protocol recommended long stress-free healing periods to achieve the osseointegration of dental implants. However, many clinical and experimental studies have shown that the osseointegration is no wonder in almost cases and that early and immediate loading may lead to pre-dictable osseointegration. So we are willing to introduce the Satellite Abutment newly invented for immediate loading. We think that it will make the occlusal forces dispersed to surrounding bone and that we can restore the oral function immediately after implant installation not disturbing osseointegration. In case of using Satellite abutment, stress concentrated to bone contact area of implant was distributed not only fixation plate and screws but also superior, middle portion of implant and cortical layer of jaw bone. It was clearly decreased on the bone contact surfaces around dental implants. 1. Stress was decreased more than 76.5% when satellite straight abutment was used. 2. Stress was decreased more than 50% when satellite angled abutment was used. 3. The stress around dental implant was well distributed along the cortical bone surface and the fixation plate and screw. This study concludes that satellite abutment can be used as all immediate loading implant prothesis because it was possible to distribute periimplant occlusal stress through implant contact bone surface and cortical layer of jaw bone.