Survey and analyses of population at high risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China, 2014 / 中华流行病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of people aged ≥ 40 years who are at high risk of COPD in China and provide evidence for COPD prevention and control.Methods The survey was conducted among the subjects selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China for 2014-2015 national chronic obstructive pulmonary disease surveillance.A total of 75 107 people aged ≥ 40 years in 125 surveillance points were surveyed in face to face interviews.Subjects who met at least one of the following conditions,including chronic respiratory symptoms,exposure to risk factors,medical history of respiratory diseases,and family history,were defined as population at high risk.The weighted proportion of the population at high risk of COPD and 95％ CI were estimated by using complex sampling design.Results Among eligible 74 296 subjects,the proportion of population at high risk of COPD was 89.5％ (95％CI87.8％-91.2％).The proportion significantly increased with age (P＜0.001).The proportion of the population at high risk was significantly higher in men than in women (P＜0.001),and in rural area than in urban area (P＜0.001).The highest proportion of population at high risk was observed in men in rural area in western China.The proportion of population at high risk of COPD who met at least two conditions was 32.0％ (95％CI29.7％-34.2％),the proportion of those who met at least three conditions was 7.4％ (95％CI6.6％-8.3％),and the proportion of those who met all the conditions was 1.5％ (95％CI1.2％-1.8％).Among population at high risk of COPD,those who only had exposure to one risk factor accounted for 61.7％ (95％ CI59.8％-63.7％).Conclusion About 90％ of people aged ≥40 years in China are at high risk for COPD.It is necessary to conduct population-based screening for COPD and take comprehensive measures to reduce prevalence of risk factors.