Survival Rates and Related Factors in Men with Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: We evaluated survival rate in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) and the clinical factors that influenced survival rate and time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of 96 patients who had HRPC and were not treated with chemotherapy from 2000 to 2008 were reviewed. We evaluated the survival rates at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year by using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. We also evaluated survival differences according to clinical variables (clinical T stage, Gleason score, nadir prostate-specific antigen [PSA], PSA doubling time, and PSA velocity) by using the log-rank test and the relations between survival rates and these variables by using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 67.8+/-7.5 years and the mean follow-up period was 23.3+/-13.7 months. Cancer-specific survival rates at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year were 57.8%, 16.8%, and 10.1%, respectively, and survival differences were significantly related to nadir PSA (p=0.002) and PSA velocity (p=0.019). In the univariate analysis, nadir PSA (p=0.004) and PSA velocity (p=0.024) were related to survival rate, but only nadir PSA remained as a significant variable for survival rate in patients with HRPC in the multivariate analysis (p=0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Cancer-specific survival rates in patients with HRPC at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year were 57.8%, 16.8%, and 10.1%, respectively, and they were related to nadir PSA. These results may be useful in determining a therapeutic approach in patients with HRPC.