Pholcodine consumption and immunoglobulin E-sensitization in atopics from Australia, Korea, and Japan
Asia Pacific Allergy
; (4): 86-90, 2014.
Article
in En
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-749986
Responsible library:
WPRO
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Accumulating data indicates that pholcodine (PHO)-consuming countries have higher sero-prevalences of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antibodies to PHO and suxamethonium (SUX) and increased frequencies of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis to neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) than nonconsuming. Withdrawing PHO-containing cough syrups resulted in a significant decrease of cases with anaphylaxis in Scandinavia. Nevertheless, the European Medicines Agency in 2011 advised to continue the unrestricted use throughout the European Union. OBJECTIVE: To extend studies on PHO consumption and prevalence of IgE-sensitization to morphine (MOR), PHO, and SUX to countries representing high (Australia), and low (Korea and Japan), consumers, respectively. METHODS: IgE-antibodies to SUX, MOR, and PHO in atopic subjects were determined by immunoassay and compared with official figures for PHO consumption and reported anaphylaxis to NMBA. RESULTS: The prevalences of IgE-antibodies to PHO, MOR, and SUX were 10%, 8.6%, and 4.3%, respectively, in Australia. The corresponding figures for Japan were 0.8%, 0.8%, and 1.5%, and for Korea 1.0% to PHO and 0.5% to MOR and SUX. Of the SUX-positive sera, 100% were positive to PHO or MOR in Australia and 0% in Japan and Korea. CONCLUSION: The study supports previous findings; exposure to PHO may induce IgE-antibodies to the substituted ammonium ion epitope of NMBAs, thus increasing risk of NMBA-induced anaphylaxis considerably. However, other, still unknown factors occasionally might induce IgE-antibodies to SUX.
Key words
Full text:
1
Index:
WPRIM
Main subject:
Scandinavian and Nordic Countries
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Australia
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Succinylcholine
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Immunoglobulin E
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Immunoglobulins
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Immunoassay
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Prevalence
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Cough
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European Union
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Ammonium Compounds
Type of study:
Prevalence_studies
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
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Europa
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Oceania
Language:
En
Journal:
Asia Pacific Allergy
Year:
2014
Type:
Article