Cytotoxic, apoptotic and cell migration inhibitory effects of atranorin on SPC212 mesothelioma cells

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the effects of atranorin, a lichen secondary metabolite, on SPC212 malignant mesothelioma cells in vitro. Methods: SPC212 malignant mesothelioma cell line was used. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate cytotoxic effects of atranorin and cisplatin at 24, 48 and 72 h. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride staining were used for determining cell and nucleus morphology, respectively. Wound healing assay was used for investigating cell migration. The xCELLigence real-time cell analysis system was used for determining cell proliferation. Results: Atranorin at 5-450 μM decreased cell viability at 24, 48 and 72 h. IC50 values of atranorin were 300.94, 292.6 and 278.02 μM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively; meanwhile, the IC50 values of cisplatin were 128.00, 34.37 and 17.05 μM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Furthermore, atranorin disrupted cell and nuclear morphology with increasing concentrations. Atranorin significantly reduced cell migration by 38%, 37% and 35% at 300, 250 and 200 μM, respectively (P＜0.000). Atranorin at 160-450 μM decreased cell proliferation at 72 h (P＜0.000). Conclusions: Atranorin has cytotoxic, antiproliferative, apoptotic and cell migration inhibitory effects on SPC212 malignant mesothelioma cancer cells.