Analysis of risk factors affecting the outcome of hospitalized patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of inpatients with acute cerebral hemorrhage, and to observe the different influencing factors on the outcome of the disease, so as to provide a reference for formulating prevention and treatment measures. Methods Four hundred in-patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage admitted to Haikou People's Hospital from May 2016 to May 2018 were enrolled, and their diagnoses were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the CT, digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The patients' relevant information, including gender, age, occupation, life habits (drinking alcohol, smoking), onset season, hemorrhagic site, past medical history and complication (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes), blood glucose, first episode and recurrence, etc clinical data were collected from the self-designed case information table, the epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed, and the indexes with statistical significance obtained from univariate analysis were included in the multivariate Logistics regression analysis, and the risk factors affecting the 28-day disease outcome of patients with cerebral hemorrhage were screened out. Results Among the 400 in-patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage, the patients with age ≥ 70 years old, being workers, winter onset, hemorrhage mainly in the cerebral lobe and having history of hypertension were the highest [35.00% (140/400), 36.00% (144/400), 36.75% (147/400), 27.00% (108/400), 58.75% (235/400)], and the proportion of males was significantly higher than that of females [68.25% (273/400) vs. 31.75% (127/400)]. Among the 400 inpatients, 88 died after admission, accounting for 22.00%, and 312 patients were discharged, accounting for 78.00%. Univariate analysis showed that workers [odds ratio (OR) = 2.416, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.258-6.859, P = 0.011], unhealthy living habitssmoking [OR = 1.792, 95%CI = 1.107-2.895, P = 0.015], drinking alcohol (OR = 1.664, 95%CI = 1.024-2.713, P = 0.040), hypertension (OR = 1.730, 95%CI = 0.701-4.266, P = 0.031), fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (OR = 8.112, 95%CI = 3.631-20.183, P = 0.000) could be the influencing factors of the cerebral hemorrhage;multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed occupation being worker (OR = 3.427, 95%CI = 0.221-0.815, P = 0.010), hypertension (OR = 2.974, 95%CI = 1.182-7.489, P = 0.022), fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (OR = 8.974, 95%CI = 3.677-21.936, P = 0.000) were the main risk factors affecting the outcome of acute cerebral hemorrhage, effective first aid is a protective factor. Conclusion The age of patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage is mainly ≥ 70 years old, and the males are more than females; the incidence is high in winter, and the cerebral lobe is the main hemorrhagic site; from single and multiple factors analyses, workers, hypertension history, hyperglycemia and unhealthy habits (smoking, drinking) are the risk factors for the disease outcome, effective first aid is a protective factor.