Biogenesis and regulation of the let-7 miRNAs and their functional implications
Protein & Cell
;
(12): 100-113, 2016.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-757185
ABSTRACT
The let-7 miRNA was one of the first miRNAs discovered in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, and its biological functions show a high level of evolutionary conservation from the nematode to the human. Unlike in C. elegans, higher animals have multiple isoforms of let-7 miRNAs; these isoforms share a consensus sequence called the 'seed sequence' and these isoforms are categorized into let-7 miRNA family. The expression of let-7 family is required for developmental timing and tumor suppressor function, but must be suppressed for the self-renewal of stem cells. Therefore, let-7 miRNA biogenesis must be carefully controlled. To generate a let-7 miRNA, a primary transcript is produced by RNA polymerase II and then subsequently processed by Drosha/DGCR8, TUTase, and Dicer. Because dysregulation of let-7 processing is deleterious, biogenesis of let-7 is tightly regulated by cellular factors, such as the RNA binding proteins, LIN28A/B and DIS3L2. In this review, we discuss the biological functions and biogenesis of let-7 miRNAs, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of regulation of let-7 biogenesis in vertebrates, such as the mouse and the human.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Transcription, Genetic
/
Base Sequence
/
Chemistry
/
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
/
Gene Expression Regulation
/
RNA Stability
/
MicroRNAs
/
Genetics
/
Metabolism
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Protein & Cell
Year:
2016
Type:
Article
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