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Primary neurocritical care involving therapeutic hypothermia for acute ischemic stroke patients with malignant infarct cores
Journal of Neurocritical Care ; (2): 30-36, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-765922
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Acute ischemic stroke patients with malignant infarct cores were primarily treated with neurocritical care based on reperfusion and hypothermia. We evaluated the predictors for malignant progression and functional outcomes.

METHODS:

From January 2010 to March 2015 ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation with infarct volume >82 mL on baseline diffusion weighted image (DWI) within 6 hours from onset, with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≥15 were included. All patients were managed with intent for reperfusion and neurocritical care. Malignant progression was defined as clinical signs of progressive herniation. Predictive factors for malignant progression and outcomes of decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) were evaluated.

RESULTS:

In total, 49 patients were included in the study. Among them, 33 (67.3%) could be managed with neurocritical care and malignant progression was observed in the remainder. Decompressive surgery was performed in nine patients (18.4%). Factors predictive of malignant progression were initial DWI volumes (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 1.02; P=0.046) and parenchymal hematoma (OR, 6.77; 95% CI, 1.50 to 30.53; P=0.013) on computed tomography taken at Day 1. Infarct volume of >210 mL predicted malignant progression with 56.3% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity. Among the malignant progressors, 77.7% resulted in grave outcomes even with DHC, while all patients who declined surgery died.

CONCLUSION:

Acute ischemic stroke patients with malignant cores between 82 to 209 mL can be primarily treated with neurocritical care based on reperfusion and hypothermia with feasible results. In patients undergoing surgical decompression due to malignant progression, the functional outcomes were not satisfactory.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: WPRIM (Western Pacific) Main subject: Brain Edema / Reperfusion / Sensitivity and Specificity / Thrombectomy / Decompression, Surgical / Stroke / Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Critical Care / Diffusion / Decompressive Craniectomy Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Journal of Neurocritical Care Year: 2019 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: WPRIM (Western Pacific) Main subject: Brain Edema / Reperfusion / Sensitivity and Specificity / Thrombectomy / Decompression, Surgical / Stroke / Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Critical Care / Diffusion / Decompressive Craniectomy Type of study: Diagnostic study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Journal of Neurocritical Care Year: 2019 Type: Article