The prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and hypertension in Deqing rural community / 中华疾病控制杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective This study aimed to describe the prevalence of both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension, and to explore possible risk factors. Methods A Cross-sectional study was conducted in eight towns cluster-sampled randomly from Deqing County, Zhejiang Province. Totally. 29 306 subjects aged≥18 years old were recruited into this survey. Information on general information, life styles, health status and family history of chronic diseases was collected. Physical examinations including height, weight, blood pressure, etc. were done. Fasting plasma glucose was also tested. Results The prevalence of only T2DM, only hypertension and both of them was 3.34%, 28.72%, and 2.01%, respectively. Such prevalence of both reached a peak at the age of 70-79 years old.Family history of diabetes mellitus(OR=4.94, 95% CI3.24-7.54, P<0.001) and having a spouse(OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.18-4.00, P=0.013) were possible risk factors of diabetes mellitus, body mass index(BMI)<24 kg/m2(OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.39-0.59, P<0.001) was the possible protective factor of diabetes mellitus, BMI<24 kg/m2(OR=0.60, 95% CI 0.56-0.64, P<0.001), completing compulsory education(OR=0.54, 95% CI0.49-0.59, P<0.001) and exercise(OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.69-0.86, P<0.001) were protective factors of hypertension, drinking(OR=1.18 , 95% CI 1.08-1.29, P<0.001) was the possible risk factor of hypertension. BMI<24 kg/m2(OR= 0.26, 95% CI 0.21-0.31, P<0.001), completing compulsory education(OR=0.50, 95% CI 0.35-0.72, P<0.001) and drinking tea(OR=0.80, 95% CI0.64-0.99, P=0.045) were protective factors of these two diseases. Farmers(OR=1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.76, P=0.024), family history of diabetes(OR=4.21, 95% CI 2.71-6.57, P<0.001) and family history of hypertension(OR=1.86, 95% CI 1.31-2.64, P=0.001) were risk factors for the co occurrence of two diseases. Conclusions The prevalence of diabetes among adults in Deqing County was relatively lower than other places. The prevalence of hypertension was close to the level of other regions. Age, overweight, alcohol consumption, family history of diabetes and hypertension were the risk factors of diabetes and hypertension. Diabetes mellitus was a high-risk group of hypertension. Further means should be taken to strengthen the self-management and treatment of this group. Further intervention action should be taken to promote health and quality of life.