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Different Quantitative Interferon-γ Response in Active Tuberculosis of Various Primary Infection Sites
Laboratory Medicine Online ; : 58-65, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-782246
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The quantitative interferon (IFN)-γ response in the IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) has been investigated to predict progression from Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to active tuberculosis (TB). However, the significance of the quantitative IFN-γ response in active TB is rarely known. We assessed the association between IFN-γ response to nil, mitogen, and TB mycobacterial antigens, and the variations from serial IGRA testing in active TB of various primary infection sites.

METHODS:

In total, 102 active TB patients with serial QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) (Qiagen, Germany) were enrolled. The medical records of patients were reviewed for demographic information, infection sites, tuberculosis treatment, and the quantitative IFN-γ response to nil, mitogen, and TB antigen.

RESULTS:

Patients included 20, 68, and 14 cases of pulmonary TB, extrapulmonary TB, and multiple TB infection, respectively. The quantitative IFN-γ responses to TB antigens differed significantly according to the infection sites (P=0.0001). The median IFN-γ response was the highest in lymph node infection (10.0 IU/mL) and the lowest in central nervous system (CNS) infection (0.02 IU/mL). Of the total, 86.3% showed concordant results in serial testing. Both 50% of the patients with persistent negative results and 62.5% of patients with CNS TB had an insufficient IFN-γ response to mitogen.

CONCLUSIONS:

Different IFN-γ responses to TB antigens may indicate variable host immune responses among infection sites in active TB disease. Because a few active TB patients fail to produce an adequate IFN-γ response, a study of cellular mechanisms is needed in such unresponsive patients.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: WPRIM (Western Pacific) Main subject: Tuberculosis / Central Nervous System / Medical Records / Interferons / Lymph Nodes / Mycobacterium tuberculosis Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Laboratory Medicine Online Year: 2020 Type: Article

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Full text: Available Index: WPRIM (Western Pacific) Main subject: Tuberculosis / Central Nervous System / Medical Records / Interferons / Lymph Nodes / Mycobacterium tuberculosis Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Laboratory Medicine Online Year: 2020 Type: Article