Research on the Association between Serum Calcium and Elevated Blood Pressure, Overweight, and Obesity in Koreans

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Calcium plays an important role in the metabolism of essential nutrients in the human body; recently, it became one of the significant causes of various metabolic disorders including hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. However, data regarding the association between calcium and metabolic disorders in Koreans are limited. The present study aimed to assess the association between serum calcium and elevated blood pressure, overweight, and obesity in Koreans.METHODS: A total of 719 Korean adults who visited the outpatient department of a university hospital were included in this study. The association between serum calcium and obesity and elevated blood pressure in men and women was evaluated separately using multiple regression analysis. Odds ratio was calculated to determine the association between serum calcium levels and overweight, obesity, and elevated blood pressure in men and women.RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis showed that body mass index was significantly increased in men with higher serum calcium levels (β=0.156, P=0.043). In men, the odds ratio for obesity and elevated blood pressure by serum calcium level were 2.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–4.06) and 2.26 (95% CI 1.09–4.69), respectively. In women, the odds ratio for elevated blood pressure by serum calcium level was 1.86 (95% CI 1.03–3.34).CONCLUSION: In this study, there was a significant positive association between serum calcium level and obesity and elevated blood pressure in men. In women, there was a significant positive association between serum calcium level and elevated blood pressure.