Application of optical coherence tomography in the eye disease screening and health management of primary and secondary school teachers in Wuchang District, Wuhan City / 中华健康管理学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore the value of applying optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the physical examination of the eyes of primary and secondary school teachers in Wuchang District, Wuhan.@*Methods@#A total of 3,495 teachers in primary and secondary schools in Wuchang District, who were examined at Physical Examination Center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from September to December, 2018, were enrolled, including 1 130 men and 2 365 women, aged 22-93 years. All enrolled subjects underwent visual acuity assessment, slit lamp examination, direct ophthalmoscopy, and OCT of the macula. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences between different age groups for the ten most common eye diseases and positive findings, as well as the difference in the detection rate of macular disease between OCT and direct ophthalmoscopy.@*Results@#The detection rate of eye diseases was 70.76% (2 473/3 495 people) in this study; 551 people <40 years old, 775 people aged 40-64 years old, and 1 147 aged ≥65 years old had abnormalities. There were significant differences in the detection rates of ametropia, cataract, maculopathy, postoperative cataract, pathological myopic fundus change, pterygium, trichiasis, retinal arteriosclerosis, and cup disk ratio abnormality between the three groups (χ²=100.24, 1037.23, 507.61, 232.50, 14.46, 54.92, 21.48, 84.24, 17.73, respectively, all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in conjunctivitis between the three age groups (χ2=0.58, P>0.05). The detection rate of OCT for maculopathy was higher than that for direct ophthalmoscopy (χ²=36.357, P<0.05), and the detection rate of OCT for macular anterior membrane, macular degeneration, pathological myopia, retinochoroidopathy, and macular split was higher than that for direct ophthalmoscope; the difference was statistically significant (χ²=10.065, 4.932, 19.836, 12.010, respectively, all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Primary and secondary school teachers have different distributions of eye diseases depending on their age group. Health education and physical examination of the eye can be provided according to the age of the teacher, which is conducive to early prevention and treatment of eye diseases. OCT has important application value in physical examination and the screening of macular diseases.