The impact of persistent high ambient fine particulate matters exposures on mortality in the 40 districts/counties of China, 2013-2015 / 中华预防医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the impact of persistent high ambient fine particulate matters (PM2.5) exposures on mortality in the polluted areas of 40 districts/counties in China.@*Methods@#Using a convenient sampling method, we selected 40 districts/counties as research sites from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and Heilongjiang, Shanxi, and Sichuan province. The daily concentrations of PM2.5, meteorological data and population death data from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 were collected. The six persistent PM2.5 pollution episode scenarios were defined by the average daily concentration of PM2.5 (75 μg/m3, P75 and P90 of the average daily concentration of each district/county respectively) and the duration (≥2 days or 3 days). Generalized linear models and meta analyses were used to explore the impact of PM2.5 pollution episodes on mortality in 40 districts/counties.@*Results@#The mean±SD and P50 (P25, P75) of average daily temperature, relative humidity and PM2.5 were (15.26±10.48) ℃, 17.20 (7.50, 23.70) ℃, (67.31±19.26)%, 72.00% (57.00%, 81.00%), (72.81±60.93) μg/m3 and 55.38 (33.77, 91.45) μg/m3, respectively in 40 districts/counties during 2013-2015. The average number of non-accidental, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases deaths per day were (12±7), (5±4) and (2±2) in each district/county, respectively. When the daily concentrations of PM2.5 were ≥75 μg/m3 (≥2 days), ≥P75 (≥2 days), ≥P90 (≥2 days), ≥75 μg/m3 (≥3 days), and ≥P75 (≥3 days), the excess risk (95%CI) of the total non-accidental deaths and cardiovascular diseases deaths were 1.77% (0.89%,2.66%), 2.69% (1.06%,4.35%), 1.67% (0.59%,2.76%), 2.31% (0.67%, 3.97%), 0.71% (-0.75%, 2.20%), 1.95% (0.08%, 3.86%), 1.15% (0.12%, 2.18%), 1.85% (0.25%, 3.47%), 1.39% (0.15%, 2.64%), 2.29% (0.39%, 4.23%), respectively.@*Conclusion@#Persistently high PM2.5 exposures were associated with total non-accidental deaths and cardiovascular disease deaths.