Thyroid tumor complicated with tumor thrombus in internal jugular vein: An analysis of 2 cases and literatures review / 中国实用外科杂志

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of thyroid tumor complicated with tumor thrombus in internal jugular vein. METHODS: Case reports of thyroid tumor complicated with tumor thrombus in internal jugular vein published in domestic journals since January 2000 were retrieved. The clinical features and treatment procedures were analyzed combining with the data of 2 patients admitted to the Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery of Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital. RESULTS: A total of 10 reports were retrieved,including 23 patients.Of the 25 patients,14 were males and 11 were females,aged 44—84(62.9±9.8)years. The largest diameter of thyroid tumor was 2.8—8.0 cm.The length of tumor thrombus ranged from 1 cm to 30 cm. Among the 19 cases,14 were derived from intravascular spreading tumor thrombus,and 5 were from direct invasive tumor thrombus.There were 4 cases of papillary carcinoma,6 cases of follicular carcinoma,5 cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma,8 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma,1 case of myogenic sarcoma and 1 case of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma. Of the 13 cases,9 underwent internal jugular vein resection and 4 underwent thrombectomy. CONCLUSION: Thyroid tumors complicated with tumor thrombus in internal jugular vein are mostly tumors with strong vascular invasion ability.The long-term prognosis of the patients is very poor. Surgical treatment should be actively taken to remove the tumor thrombus and improve the prognosis of the patients.