Analysis of characteristics of HIV antibody screening and confirmatory test results in Pudong New District of Shanghai, 2014-2018 / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the results of HIV antibody screening test and confirmation test results in Pudong New Area from 2014 to 2018, and to understand the situation of HIV infection in the region in recent years. Methods Samples that responded to initial screening of HIV in this jurisdiction area were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence assay or immunochromatographic rapid diagnosis test. The samples that showed a positive response to one of the reexamination methods were subjected to confirmatory tests by Western blot assay. EXCEL and SPSS 16.0 statistical software were used to collate and analyze the data. Results Confirmatory tests were performed on a total of 2 100 retested samples. HIV positive samples were 1485 (70.7%), and HIV negative and uncertainty samples were 452 (21.5%) and 163 (7.8%), respectively. The confirmed positive male/female sex ratio was 7.951, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=3.745, P<0.001). The age of confirmed positive patients was mainly 15~39 years old. The proportion of voluntary testing and counseling was the highest among the population receiving HIV tests. The positive coincidence rate between the review test and confirmation test was 91.3%. The gp160 and gp120 bands appeared most frequently in WB-confirmed positive samples, which was 100%. The gp160 band was the most frequent band of uncertain samples, accounting for 71.4%. Conclusion The positive rate was high in the confirmatory test of samples with positive results by both methods, and the samples with one negative and one positive were mostly uncertain or negative in the confirmatory test. When the results were uncertain, CD4, nucleic acid detection, and viral load detection should be used as auxiliary diagnosis.