Obesity and Its Risk Factors Among Adolescent in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

@#Introduction: One of the health problems in developing countries, especially in Indonesia, is obesity. Indonesia Basic Health Research 2018 result revealed the prevalence of obesity in Indonesia as much as 21% in the research. It concluded very high when compared to obesity prevalence in Indonesia Basic Health Survey in 2007 and 2013. The aim of this study is to estimating risk factors that contributed to obesity in Indonesia. Methods: The research design in this study was a cross-sectional study by analyzing secondary data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). There were 9803 respondents was selected from 11142 respondents. Binary logistic regression was performed to answer the research objectives. Results: Sex (p-value 0.0001, AOR 1.908, 95% CI 1.672 – 2.014), educational level (p-value 0.034, AOR 1.431, 95% CI 1.026–1.994), age (p-value 0.0001, AOR 0.561, 95% CI 0.309– 0.968), cigarette smoking (p-value 0.002, AOR 1.945, 95% CI 1.278 – 2.958), fruit consumption (p-value 0.002, AOR 1.458, 95% CI 1.153–1.843) and vegetables consumption (p-value 0.023, AOR 0.742, 95% 0.373 – 0.960) were significance variable in the occurrence of obesity in adolescents. Meanwhile, based on sociodemographic adjusted, gender (p-value 0.0001, AOR 1.660, 95% CI 1.366 – 2.019) and age (p-value 0.0001, AOR 1.822, 95% CI 1.500 – 2.213) were significance variable correlate to obesity in adolescents. Conclusion: Adolescent has a risk of obesity caused by their wrong behaviour, especially young females. Indonesian Ministry of Health needs to make health promotion through social media that it can be easily accessed by the adolescent.