Analysis of calculus composition of upper urinary tract: A single-center study / 第二军医大学学报

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the calculus composition of upper urinary tract and to explore its distribution and variation trend in patients of different genders and ages, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of urinary stone. MethodsStone specimens from 1 832 patients with upper urinary tract stone were collected in our hospital from Jan. 2012 to Jan. 2016. The stone composition was detected and analyzed by infrared spectrum automatic analysis system. The proportion and gender difference of stone composition, and the related risk factors and concomitant diseases of major types of stones were analyzed. Results Among the 1 832 cases of stone specimens, there were 478 (26.1%) cases of single component stones, of which the calcium oxalate monohydrate stone accounted for 10.6% (193 cases), followed by anhydrous uric acid stone (7.9%, 144 cases). Mixed stone accounted for 73.6% (1 349 cases), and the most common mixed stone consisted of calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and carbonate apatite, accounting for 39.6% (725 cases). For the main composition of stones, calcium oxalate stone accounted for 1 545 cases (84.3%), followed by carbonate apatite stone (1 048 cases, 57.2%), anhydrous uric acid stone (208 cases, 11.4%), magnesium ammonium phosphate stone (111 cases, 6.1%) and cystine stone (29 cases, 1.6%). There were also 5 cases of other types of stones. The overall incidence was significantly higher in men than that in women (70.1% [1 285/1 832] vs 29.9% [547/1 832], P<0.01). The overall high-incidence age of stone ranged from 31 to 60 years old, with 41-50 years for men and 51-60 years for women. Body mass index and incidences of diabetes and gout were obviously higher in anhydrous uric acid stone patients than those in the other stone patients. Conclusion This variation trend of upper urinary tract stone composition has great significance for the prevention and treatment of urinary stones.