Study on modern drying processing method for Trichosanthis Pericarpium based on multi-bioactive constituents / 中草药

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the effects of different drying methods on the quality of Trichosanthis Pericarpium, and screen the suitable drying methods for its modern drying processing. Methods: The fresh Trichosanthis Pericarpium collected from Anhui were processed by traditional and modern drying processing methods [hot air drying (40, 50, 60, 70 ℃), microwave vacuum drying (40, 50, 60, 70 ℃; vacuum -0.08 MPa), short-wave infrared drying (50, 60, 70 ℃), vacuum -80 ℃ lyophilization, traditional solar drying, shadow drying]. Combined with the appearance of the samples after drying, the composition and content of the 40 resource chemical compositions [five kinds of flavonoids (rutin, luteoloside, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, apigenin, tangeretin), three kinds of triterpenoids (cucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin E)] and nutritional nourishing ingredients [two kinds of saccharides (glucose, fructose), eighteen kinds of amino acids (phenylalanine, L-leucine, iso-leucine, L-tryptophan, γ-aminobutyric acid, L-methionine, L-valine, L-proline, L-tyrosine, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, L-threonine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, L-serine, L-asparagine, L-citrulline, L-arginine, L-lysine), and twelve kinds of nucleosides (thymidine, 2’-deoxyuridine, adenine, uridine, adenosine, 2’-deoxyinosine, inosine, cytosine, guanine, 2’-deoxyguanosine, cytidine, guanosine)] were evaluated for comprehensively evaluating the quality of the different samples. The best modern drying method for Trichosanthis Pericarpium was preferred by principal component analysis. Results: Among different dry samples, the content of medicinal ingredients and nutrient nourishing ingredients varied greatly, among which fructose and glucose content ranged from 9.78% to 21.32% and 4.46% to 15.63%, respectively. Samples of 70 ℃ microwave vacuum drying had the highest total amount of flavonoids and tetracyclic triterpenoids, while those of 40 ℃ hot air drying treatment were the lowest. Through comprehensive evaluation of 14 kinds of Trichosanthis Pericarpium samples obtained by different drying methods, it was found that samples of 70 ℃ hot air drying, 70 ℃ short-wave infrared drying, vacuum -80 ℃ lyophilization, 50 ℃ microwave vacuum drying and 60 ℃ hot air drying were better than the traditional solar drying. Conclusion: Combined with the appearance of the medicinal properties, color, texture, drying time and functional ingredients, it was recommended that 70 ℃ hot air drying method was the preferred conditions for production based on the current state of the equipment of company. Based on the development of new equipment in the future, short-wave infrared 70 ℃ drying can be used as the development direction of Trichosanthis Pericarpium. The study provided reference for the standardization and quality characteristics of production of Trichosanthis Pericarpium.