Seroprevalence of brucellosis among exposed agro-pastoral communities in southern Saudi Arabia
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
;
(12): 545-551, 2019.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-846792
ABSTRACT
To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in human and animal's communities in southern Saudi Arabia. Methods:
A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study was conducted in Aseer and Jazan, Saudi Arabia (October 2017-October 2018). Human serum samples (n=339) were initially screened for Brucella antibodies and positive samples were further titrated for Brucella antibodies by immunocapture assay (titer of 1320 as positive). Animal samples (n=828) were screened using the Rose Bengal test. Relationship status was dichotomized to measure and predict independent contributions to variations in human using univariate and multivariate stepwise binary logistic regression model.Results:
The rate of brucellosis among the 339 human samples in the two regions was 33.9%, and the rate of acute brucellosis was 12.4%. The rate of brucellosis in animals was 4.7%. Human brucellosis among the target groups was higher in northwestern Aseer (53.3%) compared to Southeastern Aseer (25.9%) and Jazan region (20.6%). The disease was more prevalent among non-Saudi nationals (35.2%) compared to Saudis (30.5%). The rate of brucellosis among butchers and shepherds was 37.5% and 37.2%, respectively. The rate of brucellosis was 37.8% in people over 30 years of age. Our univariate analysis showed that residing in Aseer region (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.50-4.40), especially residing in northwestern Aseer region (OR 4.40, 95% CI 2.40-7.90), frequent consumption of raw meat (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.50-5.50), shepherds (OR 2.10, 95% CI 0.80-5.30), owning sheep (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.10-4.40), daily contact with animals (OR 2.10, 95% CI 0.75-5.80), and those > 30-year-old (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.00-2.40) were significantly associated with increased risks of brucellosis. Our multivariate analysis further showed that residing in northwestern Aseer (OR 9.16, 95% CI 3.39-24.76) and having sheep (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.00-1.35) were significant and independent risks of brucellosis while residing in agricultural region (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.78) was a significant and independent protector against brucellosis.Conclusions:
The study concluded that residing in northwestern Aseer area and having animals (sheep) are associated with significantly increased risks of brucellosis.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Type of study:
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Language:
English
Journal:
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
Year:
2019
Type:
Article
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