Antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptide and research progress / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: As a potential candidate that can be extracted from natural sources and used to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antimicrobial peptides have attracted extensive attention of scientists. Familiarity with the antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides is conducive to the clinical application of antimicrobial peptides. OBJECTIVE: To review the advance in research of antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides. METHODS: The first author conducted a computer-based retrieval of PubMed, Springeriink, Web of Science. ScienceDirect databases for articles regarding the antimicrobial mechanism and research advance published from January 2013 to March 2019. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Antimicrobial peptides are a class of special molecules with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In some organisms, antimicrobial peptides arc considered lo bo an important part of innate immune system. The antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides can be divided into two main modes direct killing and immune regulation, and direct killing mechanism can be further divided into membrane targeting and non-membrane targeting. At the same time, based on the extensive application of antimicrobial peptides, it is expected that many resistance strategies have been developed in microbial environments such as staphylococcus, oral bacteria (including streptococcus) and intestinal bacteria (including salmonella). These resistance strategies mainly include passive resistance and induction or adaptive resistance mechanisms. In the future research and application, cationic peptide is an effective choice to solve the increasing multidrug resistance. In addition to the obligation to design new methods to combat the resistance of antimicrobial peptides in bacteria, general preventive measures against the resistance of conventional antibiotics should also be paid attention to.