Advances in immunotherapy: The personalized cancer vaccine targeting novel antigens / 肿瘤

ABSTRACT

The new cancer antigen epitopes which express in gene-mutated tumor cells are not tolerant to the central thymus, but have high immunogenicity. T cells targeting new cancer antigens can effectively enhance human antitumor immunity. Two recent studies have focused on the design and manufacture of personalized cancer vaccines for advanced melanoma patients based on RNA and polypeptides, respectively. The clinical trials show that the development of tumor is effectively controlled, demonstrating the feasibility, safety and immunogenicity of personalized cancer vaccines. Moreover, the vaccine in combination with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) checkpoint immunotherapy can show stronger effects. Therefore, the personalized cancer vaccine will open up a new way of individualized immunotherapy for cancer patients, and the clinical efficacy potential is unlimited. In this article, the advantages and screening of new cancer antigens, as well as the clinical research, advantages and limitations of personalized cancer vaccines are reviewed.