Inhibitory effect of chloroxoquinoline in different breast cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

ABSTRACT

Aim: To explore the effect of chloroxoquinoline (Chl) on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle in breast cancer cells and its potential mechanism. Methods: Breast cancer cells of Bcap37, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 were treated with Chl at different doses. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assayed by Annexin V-/PI kit using flow cytometry. Protein expression related to apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by Western blot. Results: Chl over the dose of 50 mg · L-1 inhibited cell proliferation in all three cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, and Ch; at the dose of 200 mg · L-1 exhibited similar efficiency as 40 mg · L-1 Paclitaxel did. When the cells were treated with 100 or 200 mg · L-1 Chl for 48 h, the apoptotic ratio was dose-dependently up-regulated in all three cell lines (P < 0.05), especially in the MDA-MB-231 cells. It was further proved by the protein expression of cleaved-PARP and cleaved-caspase related to apoptosis. On the contrary, Chl at the dose of 100mg · L-1 significantly increased the cell number of G2/M stage in Bcap37 and MDA-MB453 cells (P < 0. 05). Correspondingly, Western blot analysis demonstrated that Chl dose-dependently down-regulated p21 protein and up-regulated CDC2 protein, especially in Bcap37 and MDA-MB453 cells. Conclusions: Chl significantly inhibits cell proliferation in breast cancer cells of Bcap37, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB453, which may mainly result from its induction of cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells and cell cycle arrest in Bcap37 and MDA-MB-453 cells. These data provide new idea of chemotherapy using Chl for breast cancer treatment.