Clinical analysis of extremely premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the complications and outcomes during the hospitalization of extremely premature infants (EPI) and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI).Methods:Clinical data of 168 cases of EPI and ELBWI admitted to 4 hospitals of grade three in Shaanxi Province between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The information of general data, prenatal care, complications and outcomes were summarized.Outcomes of different groups were compared according to birth weight and gestational age.Results:A total of 168 cases of EPI and ELBWI were collected.The rate of delivery in tertiary hospitals was 86.9% (146/165 cases), 86 patients (57.7%) received prenatal Dexamethasone.The mean gestational age was (27.9±1.7) weeks, and the mean birth weight was (951.6±148.9) g. The highest rates of pregnancy complications included gestational hypertension (44/149 cases, 29.5%), premature rupture of membranes (43/149 cases, 28.9%) and gestational diabetes (16/149 cases, 10.7%). The first three neonatal complications were neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (16/168 cases, 95.2%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (73/110 cases, 66.4%) and retinopathy of prematurity (65/110 cases, 59.1%). The survival rate of EP and ELBWI in 168 cases was 61.9% (104/168 cases), the abandonment rate was 27.4% (46/168 cases), and the mortality in hospital was 10.7% (18/168 cases). According to birth weight and gestational age, there were no statistically significant differences in survival, abandonment and hospital mortality among different birth weight groups( χ2=4.361, 5.104, 1.630, all P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in survival, abandonment and hospital mortality among different gestational age groups( χ2=21.650, 8.164, 13.490, all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are many complications of EPI and ELBWI and the outcomes are closely related to the gestational age of birth.Improving the perinatal management level and the professional diagnosis and treatment level of neonatology are helpful to improve the survival rate and prognosis.