Anti-MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity of Salsola komarovii Iljin extract and its solvent fractions

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 inhibitory effect of Salsola komarovii Iljin, an edible halophyte with health beneficial effects. Methods: Salsola komarovii crude extracts (SKI), and solvent (n-hexane, 85％ aq. MeOH, n-BuOH, and H2O) fractionated extracts of SKI were prepared. Gelatin zymography was carried out to observe MMP enzymatic activity. The release of the MMP enzymes was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of MMPs in mRNA and protein level were investigated by polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunoblotting, respectively. Results: SKI and SKI fractions inhibited active MMP-2 and MMP-9 amount in the treated cell culture medium. Also, SKI suppressed the release of MMP-2 and MMP-9 from stimulated HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Furthermore, SKI suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. SKI fractions showed parallel effects except for H2O fraction which did not yield any significant MMP inhibitory effect. Among fractions, 85％ aq. MeOH was the most active fraction to inhibit both the enzymatic effect and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Conclusions: SKI may contain potential MMP release inhibitory compounds. Salsola komarovii is a promising source of compounds against MMP and could be utilized in the development of antitumor agents.