Effects of different doses of fluoride on vascular endothelial injury in rats / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the effects of different doses of fluoride on vascular endothelial injury in rats.Methods:Thirty clean male SD rats of 2 - 3 months old were selected, with body mass of 180 - 220 g. According to body mass, they were divided into three groups by random number table. The rat model of fluorosis was established by drinking water intoxication. According to the concentration of sodium fluoride in drinking water, the three dosage groups were blank control group (0 mg/L of sodium fluoride), low dose group (100 mg/L of sodium fluoride), and high dose group (200 mg/L of sodium fluoride), with 10 rats in each group. The rats were continuously exposed to fluoride for 12 weeks, and their body mass was measured every 2 weeks. After 12 weeks of fluoride exposure, the levels of serum osteocalcin (BGP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), intercellular adhesion factor-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and adiponectin (APN) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ultrastructure of vascular endothelium in rats was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results:At the 4th week of fluoride exposure, the body mass of rats in the blank control group was higher than that of the fluoride-exposed groups [(306.90 ± 19.13), (280.31 ± 18.44), (269.03 ± 17.47) g, P < 0.05], but there was no significant difference between the low dose group and the high dose group ( P > 0.05). From the 6th week of fluoride exposure, the body mass of rats in the blank control group was higher than that in the fluoride-exposed groups [(377.40 ± 23.72), (329.50 ± 21.78), (306.75 ± 27.09); (422.89 ± 32.23), (368.90 ± 23.79), (343.00 ± 18.41); (450.00 ± 29.26), (395.17 ± 28.22), (362.99 ± 21.77); (473.20 ± 28.43), (409.27 ± 29.95), (371.76 ± 21.65) g, P < 0.05], while that in the high dose group was lower than that in the low dose group ( P < 0.05). After 12 weeks of fluoride exposure through drinking water, the levels serum BGP, ET-1, ICAM-1 and IL-6 in blank control group were lower than those in fluoride-exposed groups ( P < 0.05), and the serum APN was higher than that in fluoride-exposed groups ( P < 0.05); while the levels of serum BGP, ET-1, ICAM-1 and IL-6 in high dose group were higher than those in low dose group, and the level of serum APN was lower than that in low dose group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the external processes of vascular endothelial cells in the low dose group were not standardized, the endothelial cells were not closely connected with the basement membrane, and the vacuoles were obvious. In the high dose group, the endothelial cells became short or detached; the content of heterochromatin increased significantly, the endothelial cells dropped into the vascular cavity, and with endothelial cells apoptosis. Conclusion:High fluoride can cause vascular endothelial injury.