Analysis of iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in different regions of Xinjiang Uyghur Autoromous Region in 2019 / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To understand the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas (South Xinjiang) and non historical iodine deficiency areas (North Xinjiang) in Xinjiang, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in pregnant women and the formulation of appropriate prevention and control measures.Methods:From March to June 2019, using cluster yandom sampling, each county (city, district, county for short) in the whole region was divided into five sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north and middle direction. Twenty pregnant women were selected from each area, and the iodine content was determined by taking household salt samples and random urine samples.Results:A total of 9 461 salt samples were collected from pregnant women's families in 96 counties, of which 9 099 were qualified iodized salts, 22 were non iodized salts, the rate of non iodized salt was 0.23%, the coverage rate of iodized salts was 99.77% (9 439/9 461), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salts was 96.17% (9 099/9 461), and the median of salt iodine was 27.42 mg/kg. A total of 9 456 urine samples of pregnant women were tested. The median of urinary iodine was 187.30 μg/L, ranging from 0.30 to 1 300.00 μg/L. The median of urinary iodine of pregnant women in 12 counties (North Xinjiang) was < 150 μg/L. The medians of urinary iodine of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas were 215.85, 208.10 and 196.60 μg/L, respectively, while that in the non historical iodine deficiency areas were 179.10, 180.70 and 179.15 μg/L, respectively, the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the urinary iodine content of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas ( H = 8.85, P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the non historical iodine deficiency areas ( H = 0.28, P > 0.05). Conclusions:Some pregnant women in North Xinjiang are in iodine deficiency. The contents of urinary iodine in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas are higher than those in non historical iodine deficiency areas. The distribution of urinary iodine in the early, middle and late pregnancy of pregnant women in the historical iodine deficiency areas is different.