Cross-sectional analysis of frailty risk factors in hospitalized elderly patients / 中国综合临床

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore and study the incidence of frailty and influencing factors in this region, so as to provide ways and targets for the intervention of frailty.Methods:From January 2018 to June 2019, 218 hospitalized patients aged over 60 years old in the Department of Geriatrics of Beijing Longfu Hospital were selected for cross-sectional survey.According to the state of frailty state, the patients were divided into frailty group and non -frailty group.Spss25.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. According to the data type, independent sample t-test or corrected t-test and chi square test were used for inter group comparison. Logistic regression analysis or linear regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors.Results:The age of 218 patients was (73.3±7.5) years old, including 92 males and 126 females.According to the state of frailty, the patients were divided into debilitation group (58 cases) and non-frailty group (160 cases). The incidence of frailty was 26.6% (58/218). The incidence of frailty in age≥75 years old 45.3% (43/95). Compared with non asthenia patients, the proportion of elderly patients with coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, physical activity limitation, fall history, fecal incontinence, urinary incontinence, malnutrition, audio-visual oral disease, solid tumor, anemia, dementia, depression and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein increased significantly in the frail group.However, serum albumin, walking speed, grip strength and body mass index decreased significantly (all P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, binary logistic regression analysis showed that malnutrition ( OR=0.103, 95% CI 5.467-73.930, P<0.001) and physical activity limitation (poor physical function OR=98.149, 95% CI19.400-496.557, P<0.001; moderate OR=11.974, 95% CI 2.525-56.775, P=0.002) were the risk factors of frailty.The dominant grip strength was the protective factor of frailty ( OR=0.903, 95% CI 0.831-0.981, P=0.016). Conclusion:Limited physical activity and malnutrition are risk factors for frailty, and that improving balance disorders, gait speed, and five times sit to stand test may be approaches to frailty rehabilitation.