The nutritional status and its risk factors for malnutrition in elderly patients with heart failure / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To evaluate the nutritional status of elderly inpatients with heart failure, and to analyze risk factors for malnutrition.Methods:A total of 221 patients with heart failure in our hospital from January 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled in the study.The demographic characteristics and medical record data were collected.All patients received Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002)and a questionnaire survey relating to heart failure.We investigated the effects of risk factors on the detection rate of malnutrition by using Mann-Whitney U test or Chi-square test, and the independent risk factors for malnutrition were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:The detection rate of nutritional risk was 45.2% in 221 patients.The detection rate of nutritional risk increased along with lower degree of education and worse cardiac function( P<0.05). The detection rate of nutritional risk was higher in patients with peripheral vascular disease and osteoporosis than in patients without them( P<0.05), and in patients with the increased numbers of complication and drugs( P<0.05). Patients with nutritional risk had a higher degree of frailty and a worse quality of activities of daily living( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that great age, ejection fraction, B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), NYHA classification, numbers of drugs and diseases, frailty, low quality of life were independent risk factors for nutritional risk, and Digoxin was the independent protective factor for nutritional risk( P<0.05). Conclusions:The great age, severity of heart failure, numbers of drugs and diseases, frailty, low quality of daily life may be the independent risk factors for nutritional risk in elderly patients with heart failure, and oral Digoxin may be the independent protective factor for nutritional risk.