Research advances on the role of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD), which requires the involvement of microglia.Missense mutations in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)gene are a risk factor for AD, and the gene encodes single-channel transmembrane receptors on the surface of microglia and regulates downstream signaling pathways by binding to TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein to form a complex.The TREM2 receptor participates in many functions of microglia, such as proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis.Microglia functions can be impaired when the TREM2 gene or its protein expression is abnormal.In addition, TREM2 can bind to β-amyloid oligomers and is also associated with Tau proteins.All of these findings suggest that TREM2 is involved in the pathogenesis of AD, but its specific role remains a matter of dispute.