Correlation between coronary artery disease severity, ankle brachial index, central arterial pressure and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in elderly patients with coronary heart disease / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the differences in ankle brachial index(ABI), central arterial pressure(CAP)and branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)in elderly patients with different degrees of coronary heart disease(CHD), and to provide a basis for the assessment of CHD.Methods:From January 2018 to July 2019, 52 elderly patients with CHD treated in our hospital were selected as the observation group, and divided into Observation Group A(mild, single-vessel disease), Observation Group B(double-vessel lesions)and Observation Group C(multivessel lesions or trunk lesions). Besides, 32 healthy people(the degree of coronary artery stenosis < 50%)were selected as the control group.ABI, CAP and baPWV were measured and compared.Results:Patients in the observation groups were associated with significantly lower ABI [(1.01±0.14) vs.(1.12±0.15), t=-3.403, P=0.001]and higher CAP [(63.9 ± 11.8)mmHg vs.(56.3 ± 10.5)mmHg, t=2.987, P=0.002]and baPWV [(1675.9±259.5)cm/s vs.(1517.2±283.4)cm/s, t=2.628, P=0.005]than those in the control group.For patients in Observation Groups A, B, C and the control group, the ABI values were (1.07±0.13, 0.95±0.14, 0.92±0.17 and 1.12±0.15, F=12.118, P=0.085), the baPWV values were (1685.2±276.8) cm/s, (1680.8±255.4) cm/s, (1667.4±232.6) cm/s and (1517.2±283.4) cm/s( F=0.573, P=0.573), and the CAP values were (62.7±12.3) mmHg, (64.2±11.5) mmHg, (69.1±10.6) mmHg and (56.3±11.8) mmHg, respectively( F=1.212, P=0.053). ABI levels in Observations Groups B and C were higher than those in the control group( t=3.938, P=0.000; t=-5.534, P=0.000). Additionally, levels of baPWV in Observation Group A was higher than in the control group( t=2.628, P=0.005), and CAP levels in Observation Groups A( t=2.349, P=0.011), B( t=2.293, P=0.013), C( t=3.697, P=0.000)were significantly higher than in the control group, though there was no significant difference between the observation groups( F=1.212, P=0.053). Conclusions:CAP and baPWV have the potential to be used as diagnostic parameters for elderly CHD patients, but their specificity for detecting the degree of coronary stenosis is poor.ABI is significantly different between patients with different degrees of CHD and can be used as a basis for evaluation of disease severity.