Clinical manifestations and cutaneous sequelae of neonatal lupus erythematosus: 13 case reports / 中华皮肤科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate cutaneous sequelae of neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE), and to analyze possible related factors.Methods:A total of 13 NLE patients with long-term follow-up were collected from Department of Dermatology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from 2016 to 2020, and clinical manifestations and cutaneous sequelae of these patients, as well as clinical manifestations of their mothers, were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Skin lesions occurred in the 13 patients within 120 days after birth, with an average onset time of 15 days, and the follow-up duration ranged from 15 to 43 months. Skin lesions mainly manifested as annular erythema, maculopapules and scales, and subsided within 2 - 18 months (average, 7.4 months). Pigmentation abnormalities occurred in 6 cases after subsidence of skin lesions, including 3 with both hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, 2 with hypopigmentation alone, and 1 with hyperpigmentation alone. One patient with hypopigmentation achieved repigmentation after 18 months of follow-up, and no telangiectasia, atrophy or scars were observed. No abnormalities were observed in the mothers of 8 patients before pregnancy, and the mothers of 4 patients were positive for antinuclear antibody, anti-SSA/Ro antibody and anti-SSB/La antibody.Conclusions:Cutaneous sequelae can occur after skin involvement of NLE, and mainly includes pigmentation abnormalities, most of which can not subside after a long time. Attention should be paid to potential immune system abnormalities in the mothers of patients with NLE.