Distribution of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the distribution features of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the clinical characteristics of the patients.Methods:Clinical data of 6 759 patients who were treated in Baoding No.1 Central Hospital for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases during January 2015 to July 2019 were collected and analyzed. ANCA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Antibodies against myeloperoxidase (MPO) and protease 3 (PR3) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:IIF showed that 558 out of the 6 759 cases tested positive for ANCA with a positive rate of 8.26%. Among them, 382 (68.46%) were positive for perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA) and 176 (31.54%) were positive for cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA). Anti-MPO and anti-PR3 antibodies were detected in 69 ANCA-positive cases, while the antibodies against other target antigens were detected in 489 cases. The ratio between the two groups was 1∶7.09. The incidence of recurrent respiratory tract infection and pulmonary interstitial lesions in ANCA-positive cases was 69.35% (387/558) and 64.52% (360/558), respectively, which was significantly higher than that in ANCA-negative patients [40.51% (2 512/6 201) and 33.17% (2 057/6 201)].Conclusions:Anti-MPO and anti-PR3 antibody detection could not replace IIF to detect total ANCA for a high rate of missed diagnosis would be caused. Early detection of ANCA would be of great significance to patients with chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.