A preliminary study on the analysis of myopic retinoschisis and posterior staphyloma in a cohort of patients with pathological myopia by optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging / 中华眼底病杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To observe the correlation between posterior myopic retinoschisis(MRS) and posterior scleral staphyma (PS) in pathological myopia (PM), and to preliminarily explore the influencing factors of MRS.Methods:A retrospective case series study. From November 2016 to November 2019, 38 patients with PM with MRS diagnosed in Henan Eye Hospital & Henan Eye Institute from were included in the study. There were 10 males and 28 females; 13 patients were binocular and 25 patients were monocular. The average age was (49±13) years old. BCVA, retinoscopy optometry, frequency domain OCT, three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (3D-MRI) examination and axial length (AL) measurement were performed. According to the frequency domain OCT inspection results, MRS was divided into inner splitting, outer splitting and mixed splitting; based on the 3D-MRI scan results, PS was divided into broad macula, narrow macula,discoid, nasal, subdisc and other types. The correlation between MRS and PS was tested by χ2 test or Fisher exact test. Results:Among 60 eyes, 58 eyes (96.77%) of MRS combined with PS. Among them, the wide macula, narrow macula, discoid, nasal, subdisc, and other types were 30 (51.72%), 19 (32.75%), 1 (1.72%), 2 (3.48%), 2 (3.48%) and 4 (6.85%) eyes; inner split, outer split, and mixed split were 10 (17.24%), 24 (41.38%), 24 (41.38%) eyes. Of the 19 eyes with narrow macular PS, MRS involved the fovea in 16 eyes; of the 39 eyes with PS of other forms, MRS involved the fovea in 22 eyes. There was a statistically significant difference between the narrow macular type and other types involving foveal eyes ( P=0.044). The correlation between MRS involving the fovea and narrow macular PS was moderate (Cramer's V=0.275). The ages of patients with inner split, outer split, and mixed split were 44±12, 56±10, and 44±13 years, respectively. Patients with inner splitting were younger than those with outer splitting, and those with outer splitting were older than those with inner splitting and mixed splitting. The differences were statistically significant ( P=0.010, 0.010, 0.060). Conclusion:PM with MRS mostly occur in PS-affected eyes, and mainly macular PS (wide macula, narrow macula).