Protective Effect of Astragulus Polysaccharide on Chromosome Damage in Human BMSCs Exposed to Formaldehyde / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the protective effect of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on micronucleus and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human bone marrow mesenchyml stem cell (BMSCs) exposed to formaldehyde, in order to initially explore the potential mechanism. Method:BMSCs were cultured in vitro, cells were randomly divided into five groups control group, formaldehyde group, and APS 40, 100, 400 mg·L-1 groups. BMSCs were infected with 120 μmol·L-1 formaldehyde, meanwhile, APS 40, 100, 400 mg·L-1 groups were co-cultured with 40, 100, 400 mg·L-1 APS. Cell morphology was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, micronucleus were detected by micronucleus test, SCE was detected by SCE test, and mRNA and protein expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), xeroderma pigmentosum B, D, F, G (XPB, XPD, XPF, XPG) were detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR)and Western blot. Result:Compared with control group, cell counts decreased, and cell morphology of BMSCs in formaldehyde group significantly changed, they were all recovered gradually in 40, 100, 400 mg·L-1 APS groups. Compared with control group, the micronucleus and SCE increased significantly (P<0.01), PCNA mRNA and protein expressions down-regulated significantly (P<0.05), while XPB, XPD, XPF, XPG mRNA and protein expressions up-regulated significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with formaldehyde group, BMSCs were treated with APS at 40, 100, 400 mg·L-1, micronucleus and SCE decreased significantly (P<0.01), and mRNA and protein expressions of PCNA, XPB, XPD, XPF and XPG up-regulated significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Among them, the 100 mg·L-1 APS group had the most obvious effect. Conclusion:APS can protect formaldehyde-induced BMSCs micronucleus and SCE, especially 100 mg·L-1 APS has the most obvious effect. The mechanism may be associated with the up-regulation of expressions of PCNA, XPB, XPD, XPF and XPG in the nucleotide exicision repair pathway (NER), which promoted the damage repair.