Investigation on iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Shanxi Province from 2016 to 2018 / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Shanxi Province, and to provide basis for guiding pregnant women to supplement iodine scientifically.Methods:From 2016 to 2018, 40, 80 and 118 counties were selected in Shanxi Province. In each county, 5 townships were selected according to the east, west, south, north and middle orientation, 20 pregnant women were selected from each township. Urine and salt samples of pregnant women were collected, and urinary iodine and salt iodine contents were determined, respectively.Results:From 2016 to 2018, 3 590, 7 907, and 11 750 salt samples were collected from pregnant women's homes. The medians salt iodine were 23.80, 23.70, 23.25 mg/kg, and the qualified iodized salt consumption rates were 91.06% (3 269/3 590), 90.06% (7 121/7 907), 92.21% (10 835/11 750), and the coverage rate of iodized salts were 97.72% (3 508/3 590), 97.00% (7 670/7 907), 98.53% (11 577/11 750), and the qualified rate of iodized salts was 93.19% (3 269/3 508), 92.84% (7 121/7 670), 93.59% (10 835/11 577), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the median salt iodine and qualified iodized salt consumption rate among pregnant women in different years ( H = 99.915, χ 2 = 27.988, P < 0.05). Totally 3 902, 7 892 and 11 745 urine samples of pregnant women were tested, and the medians (quartiles) urinary iodine were 174.20 (114.00, 251.08), 180.70 (117.13, 258.58) and 179.40 (115.90, 249.00) μg/L, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the median urinary iodine among pregnant women in different years ( H = 12.368, P < 0.05). From 2016 to 2018, counties with appropriate levels of iodine accounted for 70.00% (28/40), 73.75% (59/80) and 70.34% (83/118), respectively. The medians (quartiles) urinary iodine levels of pregnant women in the early, middle and late stages of pregnancy ( n = 2 225, 5 727, 3 793) in 2018 were 177.62 (117.28, 257.23), 178.21 (117.40, 248.40) and 172.70 (112.98, 245.70) μg/L, respectively, and there was statistical by significant difference in urinary iodine levels among pregnant women in different pregnancy periods ( H = 11.077, P < 0.05). Conclusions:From 2016 to 2018, the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Shanxi Province is generally in an appropriate state, iodine deficiency or more than appropriate still exists in some areas. We should continue to carry out monitoring work, and focus on strengthening health education for pregnant women, and guide them to supplement iodine scientifically and accurately.