Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Postprandial Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Controlled Cross-over Trial

ABSTRACT

@#INTRODUCTION: Dietary intervention remains an important factor in the management of diabetes mellitus, and many patients have employed herbs and oils to help manage their chronic diseases. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is widely known for its cardio-vascular benefits. However, its effect on the blood glucose of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients has not been extensively studied. In this study, we aimed to determine if the addition of EVOO to meals results in a lower postprandial blood glucose among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS: Thirteen patients were included in this randomized controlled cross-over trial. They were randomized to receive a meal with or without EVOO followed by a one week washout period, where they were given the other intervention. The primary outcome is the trans-meal blood glucose, which was calculated as the percent change in two-hour postprandial blood glucose. RESULTS: In group A, there was a noted 88.55% increase in two-hour postprandial blood glucose in taking meals with EVOO, versus 72.11% change in meals without EVOO. The same was observed in Group B, with a 71.08% and 49.22% increase in two-hour postprandial blood glucose in meals with EVOO and without EVOO, respectively. The difference was significant with a p-value of 0.044. Free fatty acids inhibit glucose transport and insulin secretion, this effect may be more predominant in asian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. CONCLUSION: This study found that adding extra virgin olive oil on top of meals provided no additional benefit in terms of post-prandial glucose excursion.