Galangin enhances autophagy by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in gastric cancer MGC-803 cells / 中国中药杂志

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to explore the effects of galangin on energy metabolism and autophagy in gastric cancer MGC803 cells and the underlying mechanism. Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) was used to detect the effects of galangin at different concentrations on via-bility of MGC803 cells after 48 h intervention. Western blot was carried out to measure the effects of galangin on expression of proteins related to autophagy, nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) pathway and energy metabolism, followed by the determination of its effects on mRNA expression of energy metabolism-related proteins by Real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR). The impact of galangin on autophagy was explored using AutophagyGreen dye reagent, with autophagosomes and lysosomes observed under the transmission electron microscope(TEM). Nude mice transplanted with gastric cancer MGC803 cells via subcutaneous injection were randomly divided into the following three groups control(0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, once a day), 5-fluorouracil(5-FU, 50 mg·kg~(-1), twice a week), and galangin(120 mg·kg~(-1), once a day) groups. The body weight and tumor volume were measured once every three days with a vernier caliper at the same time point by the same person. After 21-d treatment, the tumor tissue was isolated and weighed for the calculation of the tumor-suppressing rate. The comparison with the control group revealed that galangin inhibited the viability of MGC803 cells, up-regulated the protein expression of microtuble-associated protein 1 light chain 3 B(LC3 B) Ⅱ, inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway-related proteins, and promoted the formation of autophagosomes in MGC803 cells. However, it did not obviously affect the expression of energy metabolism-related proteins. Furthermore, galangin at 120 mg·kg~(-1) significantly reduced the tumor weight and volume in mice, enhanced LC3 BⅡ protein expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway-related proteins. All these have suggested that galangin inhibited the growth of gastric cancer MGC803 cells both in vivo and in vitro, possibly by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and enhancing autophagy.