Research progress of cow′s milk protein allergy and intestinal flora characteristics in premature infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

ABSTRACT

Cow′s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common food allergy in infancy.Since the early symptoms of CMPA in premature infants lack specificity and are prone to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, which would induce inappropriate fasting and unreasonable application of antibiotics, more attention should be paid to CMPA in premature infants.It has been proved in accumulating studies that the establishment and improvement of intestinal flora is the basic factor for the maturation of the immune system and the induction of immune response balance after birth.There are differences in the type and amount of intestinal flora between food allergic infants and non-allergic infants.Compared with term infants, preterm infants have significantly lower diversity and abundance of intestinal flora, immature gastrointestinal tract and immune system development, and are at greater risk for allergies.The use of probiotics can enhance intestinal barrier function and improve immune tolerance.The clinical diagnosis and treatment of preterm CMPA, the characteristics of intestinal flora and the use of probiotics in preterm infants would be reviewed in this paper.