Progress on diagnosis and treatment of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG associated disorders in children / 中国小儿急救医学

ABSTRACT

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG associated disorders(MOGAD) are the most common disorders among children with idiopathic central nervous system demyelination.MOGAD in children can be monophasic or multiphasic.Common clinical phenotypes include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and optic neuromyelitis spectrum disorders, etc.Additionally, while rare phenotypes include encephalitis, overlapping syndrome, and cranial neuritis.For children with multiphasic MOGAD, the same phenotypes mentioned above can be repeated or combined with other phenotypes.At present, the cell-based assay is recommended to detect serum MOG-IgG level as the diagnostic basis, and the persistent presence of serum MOG-IgG level is a major risk factor for recurrence.There is a lack of high-quality clinical evidence for the treatment of disease modification in multiphasic MOGAD.Alternative drugs include azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab, and maintenance of intravenous immunoglobulin.The prognosis depends on the clinical phenotype, course of disease, and treatment.MOGAD is being recognized, and there are still many problems needed to be solved.