Research progress of competing endogenous RNA in osteosarcoma / 中华骨科杂志

ABSTRACT

Osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents, is characterized by high malignancy, rapid progression and high metastatic potential. However, no significant progress has been made in treating osteosarcoma recently. The prognosis of osteosarcoma is usually unsatisfied. One of the main reasons is that we cannot be able to identify the Achilles heel of osteosarcoma. A growing number of evidence suggests that different types of RNA play various roles in the development of osteosarcoma. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is a newly emerging theory, which can propose messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), pseudogene and other different transcripts. Therefore, it can play a role in the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) through competition. In the latest researches, it is shown that the interaction of these transcripts play an important role in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma by mediating biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance of osteosarcoma cells. In addition, these different types of transcripts may provide new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma. The present studies review the development of ceRNA hypothesis, summarizes existing knowledge system of ceRNA, and develop a systematic review of the role of different types of ceRNA in the pathogenesis and biological function of osteosarcoma. This review could lay the foundation for the basic and clinical study of osteosarcoma and promote the early diagnosis and treatment effects of osteosarcoma.