Recent Updates on Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist / 임상당뇨병

ABSTRACT

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a peptide hormone secreted by L cells of the small intestine in response to nutrients. GLP-1 presents a glucose-lowering effect via insulinotropic action on pancreatic β-cells. In addition to the insulinotropic effect, GLP-1 has pleiotropic actions associated with clinical benefits. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are a well-established effective treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP-1RAs have antihyperglycemic effects and help reduce glucose levels and body weight, with a low risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, GLP-1RAs have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure and lipid levels. Large randomized cardiovascular outcome trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that GLP-1RAs reduce cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients. GLP-1RAs are recommended as part of glucose-lowering regimens in patients with T2DM and established cardiovascular disease or those at high risk. Renal protective effects and beneficial effects of GLP-1RAs on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have been suggested.