Research progress on emergency management and rescue in sudden chemical poisoning accidents / 中国职业医学

ABSTRACT

Sudden chemical poisoning accidents have the characteristics of suddenness, groups, complexity and difficulty in rescue. It usually brings serious harm and far-reaching social impact. Establishing a good emergency management and rescue system from the four stages of prevention, response, rescue and recovery can reduce the adverse effects of accidents, casualties, and social burden. The prevention of sudden chemical poisoning accidents focuses on finding the cause and putting forward effective preventive measures. Emergency response can be carried out from three aspects response and acceptation, hazard assessment and operation of corresponding emergency plans. Emergency rescue of sudden chemical poisoning accidents should fully consider both rescue technology and emergency management. The former includes pre-hospital patient screening and pre-hospital detoxification, while the latter includes dealing with the uncertainty of rescue process, allocation of medical resources and health care for emergency rescuers. In the recovery stage of the accidents, attention should be paid to long-term post-disaster monitoring of the population and emergency rescuers. Using the treatment time and development sequence as the framework, we can more comprehensively describe the characteristics of sudden chemical poisoning accidents, which is helpful in finding the key points of prevention and treatment of such accidents, and provide a basis for exploring the emergency managing methods of such accidents.