Effectiveness of early intervention with levothyroxine sodium in pregnancy complicated with hypothyroidism / 中华内分泌外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of early levothyroxine intervention in pregnancy complicated with hypothyroidism.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 132 pregnant patients with hypothyroidism admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Anyang People’s Hospital from Nov. 2018 to Sep. 2021. Among them, 68 cases with levothyroxine sodium early intervention were included in the intervention group, and 64 cases without intervention were included in the non-intervention group. The differences in vascular endothelial function indexes, thyroid function indexes, and blood lipid indexes before and after treatment in the intervention group were compared with those in the non-intervention group. The incidence of obstetric complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and adverse pregnancy outcomes of abortion and neonatal asphyxia were compared between the two groups. SPSS 21.0 software was used to process data, measurement data were subjected to t test, and enumeration data were subjected to χ 2 test. Results:After treatment, the endothelium-dependent brachial artery blood flow-mediated vasodilation index (FMD) index, nitric oxide (NO) , and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in the intervention group were significantly better than those in the non-intervention group [ (10.37%) ±1.54%) vs (7.25% ± 1.09%) , (60.85 ± 7.03) umol/L vs (39.11 ± 4.31) umol/L, (112.96 ± 13.58) umol/L vs (238.85 ± 26.05) umol/L]. After treatment, the serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the non-intervention group [ (2.25±0.26) mU/L vs (8.79±1.60) mU/L] ( P<0.001) . After treatment, the levels of total cholesterol (TC) , triacylglycerol (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the non-intervention group [ (3.52±0.91) mmol/L vs (6.51±1.31) mmol/L L, (1.30±0.31) mmol/L vs (1.44±0.36) mmol/L, (2.29±0.31) mmol/L vs (3.32±0.44) mmol/L] ( P<0.001, P=0.036, P<0.001) . The incidence of obstetric complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, and abnormal amniotic fluid volume in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the non-intervention group (5.88% vs 17.19%, 1.47% vs 9.38%, 10.29% vs. 23.44%, 2.94% vs 12.50%) ( P=0.041, 0.043, 0.043, 0.038) ; the incidence of miscarriage, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, cesarean section and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the non-intervention group (1.47% vs 9.38%, 4.69% vs 15.36%, 2.94% vs 10.94%, 57.35% vs 75.00%) ( P=0.043, 0.031, 0.038, 0.033) . Conclusion:Early intervention with levothyroxine in pregnancy complicated with hypothyroidism is beneficial to improve thyroid function, reduce blood lipid level, protect vascular endothelial function, reduce related obstetric complications, and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes for mothers and infants.